Also known as scholarly, refereed, or peer-reviewed journals.
Appearance: Generally, the appearance is more sedate; the cover may even consist of the table of contents. The articles may contain graphs or charts, but likely few glossy photographs or other illustrations.
Language: Articles will be written using a more technical vocabulary, which may be specific to the subject matter.
Audience: These articles are written for scholars, researchers, or professionals in a particular field.
Author/Authority: The authors include researchers or scholars in a field who are generally reporting the results of their original research.
Citations: The articles include footnotes and a bibliography.
Content: Research based articles that usually contain an abstract, methodology, discussion, charts or tables, results, conclusions, and references.
Editing: Articles are reviewed by an editorial board or outside scholars before publications; often there are peer reviewers who referee the journal.
Frequency: Usually published monthly, bimonthly, or quarterly.
Also known as industry magazines.
Appearance: Generally, these magazines are appealing and include color illustrations, possibly photographs.
Language: Less formal than scholarly articles, the language will often include jargon particular to the industry.
Audience: These articles are written for professionals in a particular industry.
Author/Authority: Article authors are generally staff writers employed by the magazine, although industry professionals may submit articles.
Citations: Often footnotes and references are included in articles, but not always.
Content: News and special features of interest within a particular profession or industry.
Editing: Articles are generally reviewed by employees of the publication.
Frequency: Usually published biweekly or monthly.
Appearance: Appealing or eye-catching, these magazines include a number of advertisements and glossy photographs or illustrations.
Language: The language of these magazines will be more casual, often written at a high school level or lower.
Audience: Intended for the general public.
Author/Authority: Journalists or contributing authors, sometimes the author is not listed.
Citations: Citations are rarely included.
Content: General interest articles, news, or opinions.
Editing: Articles are reviewed by employees of the publication.
Frequency: Usually published weekly or monthly.
Please give attribution to the University of Minnesota Crookston